@book{Atkinson,
    author = {A.C. Atkinson and A.N. Donev},
    title = {Optimal Experimental Designs},  
    publisher = {Oxford University Press},
    year = 1992
}

@Book{B99,
   author = "E. Bruce Goldstein",
   title = "Sensation and Perception ($5^{th}$ Edition)",
   year = "1999",    
   publisher = "Brooks/Cole",
}


@Book{Bertsekas+Tsitsiklis:1996,
  author =       "Bertsekas, D. and Tsitsiklis, J.",
  title =        "Neuro-Dynamic Programming",
  publisher = "Athena",
  year = 1996
  }

@book{Bishop,
    author = {C.M. Bishop},
    title = {Neural Networks for Pattern Recognition},  
    publisher = {Oxford University Press},
    year = 1995
}

@book{Box+Draper:1987,
    author = {G. E. P. Box and N. R. Draper},
    title = {Empirical Model-Building and Response Surfaces},  
    publisher = {Wiley},
    year = 1987
}


@book{Cover,
    author = {T.M Cover and J.A. Thomas},
    title = {Information Theory},  
    publisher = {Wiley},
    year = 1991
}

@book{Dean+Wellman,
    author = {T. Dean and M. Wellman},
    title = {Planning and Control},
    year = 1991,
    publisher = {Morgan Kaufmann}
}

@book{DeGroot,
   author={M. H. DeGroot},
   title={Optimal Statistical Decisions},
   year=1970,
   publisher = {McGraw-Hill},
   address = {New York},
}
                   
@book{Duda+Hart,
    author = {R.O. Duda and P.E. Hart},
    title = {Pattern Classification and Scene Analysis},  
    publisher = {Wiley, New York},
    year = 1973
} 

@book{Fukanaga,
    author = {K. Fukanaga},
    title = {Introduction to Statistical Pattern Recognition},  
    publisher = {Boston: Academic Press},
    year = 1990
}

@book{Latombe:1991,
    author = "Latombe, Jean-Claude",
    year = "1991",
    title = "Robot Motion Planning",
    publisher = "Kluwer Academic Publishers"
}

@book{Lauritzen:96,
    author = "Steffen L. Lauritzen",
    title = "Graphical Models",
    publisher = "Clarendon Press",
    address = "Oxford",
    isbn = "0-19-852219-3",
    year = "1996"
}


@book{Lehmann+Casella,
    author = {E. L. Lehmann and G. Casella},
    title = {Theory of Point Estimation},  
    publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
    year = 1998
}

@book{Lehmann,
    author = {E. L. Lehmann},
    title = {Testing Statistical Hypotheses},  
    publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
    year = 1986
}

@book{Liere:Thesis,
    author = {R. Liere},
    title = {Active Learning with Committees: An Approach to Efficient Learning in Text Categorization using Linear Threshold Algorithms},
    publisher = {Oregon State University Ph.D Thesis},
    year = {2000}
}

@book{Manning,
    author = {C. Manning and H. Sch\"{u}tze},
    title = {Foundations of Statistical Natural Language Processing},
    publisher = {The MIT Press},
    year = 1999
}

@book{McLachlan,
    author = {G. J. McLachlan and T. Krishnan},
    title = {The {EM} Algorithm and Extensions},
    publisher = {Wiley Interscience},
    year = 1997
}        

@book{Michie+al,
    author = { D. Michie and D. J. Spiegelhalter and C. Taylor},
    title = {Machine Learning, Neural and Statistical Classification},
    publisher = {Ellis Horwood},
    year = 1994
}

@book{Mitchell:1997,
  author = {T. Mitchell},
  title = {Machine Learning},
  publisher = {McGraw-Hill}, 
  year = {1997}
}

@book{Muggleton.book,
    author = {S. Muggleton},
    title = {Inductive Logic Programming},
    year = 1992,
    publisher = {Academic Press}
}

@book{Pearl:1988,
    author = {J. Pearl},
    title = {Probabilistic Reasoning in Intelligent Systems},
    publisher = {Morgan Kaufmann},
    year = 1988
}

@book{Pearl:2000,
   author = {J. Pearl},
   title = {Causality: Models, Reasoning, and Inference},
   publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
   year = 2000
}

@book{Pfeffer:Thesis,
    author = {A. J. Pfeffer},
    title = {Probabilistic Reasoning for Complex Systems},
    publisher = {Stanford University Ph.D Thesis},
    year = {2000}
}

@book{Puterman,
    author = "Martin L. Puterman",
    title = "Markov Decision Processes: {D}iscrete Stochastic Dynamic Programming",
    publisher = {Wiley},
    address = {New York},
    year = "1994"
}

@book{Ripley,
    author = {B.D. Ripley},
    title = {Pattern Recognition and Neural Networks},  
    publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
    year = 1996
}

@book{Scott,
    author = {D.W. Scott},
    title = {Multivariate Density Estimation: {T}heory, Practice, and
                  Visualization},  
    publisher = {Wiley},
    year = 1992
}

@book{Silverman,
    author = {B.W. Silverman},
    title = {Density Estimation for Statistics and Data Analysis},  
    publisher = {Chapman and Hall, London},
    year = 1986
}

@book{Spirtes+al:93,
    author = {P. Spirtes and C. Glymour and R. Scheines},
    title = {Causation, Prediction and Search},
    year = 1993,
    publisher = {MIT Press}
}

@book{Vapnik:1982,
  author = {V. Vapnik},
  title = {Estimation of Dependences Based on Empirical Data},
  publisher = {Springer Verlag}, 
  year = {1982}
}

@book{Vapnik:1995,
  author = {V. Vapnik},
  title = {The Nature of Statistical Learning Theory},
  publisher = {Springer, New York}, 
  year = {1995}
}

@book{Vapnik:1998,
  author = {V. Vapnik},
  title = {Statistical Learning Theory},
  publisher = {Wiley}, 
  year = {1998}
}

@book{Wahba,
  author = {G. Wahba},
  title = {Spline Models for Observational Data},
  publisher = {Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, New York}, 
  year = {1990}
}

@book{Wald,
  author = {A. Wald},
  title = {Statistical Decision Functions},
  publisher = {Wiley, New York}, 
  year = {1950}
}

@incollection{Jordan+al:1998,
        author={M. I. Jordan and Z. Ghahramani and T. S. Jaakkola and L. K. Saul},
        title={An introduction to variational methods for graphical models},
        booktitle={Learning in Graphical Models},
        editor = {M. I. Jordan},
        publisher = {Kluwer Academic Publishers},
        year=1998
}


@incollection{JoachimsSVMlight:1999,
        author = {T. Joachims},
        year = {1999},
        title = { Making large-Scale SVM Learning Practical.},
        booktitle={Advances in Kernel Methods - Support Vector Learning},
        editor = {B. Sch{\"{o}}lkopf and C. Burges and A. Smola},
        publisher = {MIT Press}
}

@incollection{Heckerman:1998,
        author = {D. Heckerman},
        year = {1998},
        title = {A tutorial on learning with {B}ayesian networks},
        booktitle={Learning in Graphical Models},
        editor = {M. I. Jordan},
        publisher = {Kluwer Academic Publishers}
}

@article{Arnborg:87,
    author = "S. Arnborg and D. Corneil and A. Proskurowski",
    title = "Complexity of finding embeddings in a k-Tree",
    journal = "SIAM Journal of Algebraic and Discrete Methods",
    volume = 8,
    number = 2,
    pages = "277-284",
    year = "1987"
}


@article{Atkinson+Bailey:2001,
   author = {A. C. Atkinson and R. A. Bailey},
   title = {One hundred years of the design of experiments on and off the pages of ``{B}iometrika''}, 
   journal = {Biometrika}, 
   note = {In press},
   year = {2001}
}

@article{Boutilier:JAIR99,
    author = "Craig Boutilier and Thomas Dean and Steve Hanks",
    title = "Decision Theoretic Planning: {S}tructural Assumptions and Computational Leverage",
    journal = "Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research",
    volume = "10",
    year = "1999",
}

@ARTICLE{Breese.KBMC,
  author =       {J.S. Breese},
  title =        {Construction of Belief and Decision Networks},
  journal =      {Computational Intelligence},
  year =         1992
}

@ARTICLE{Breiman:1997,
  author =       {L. Breiman},
  title =        {No {B}ayesians in foxholes},
  journal =      {IEEE Expert November/December issue, Trends and Controversies},
  year =         1997
}

@article{Burges:1998, 
   author = {C. J.C. Burges},
   title = {A Tutorial on Support Vector Machines for Pattern Recognition},
   journal = {Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery},
   volume = {2},
   pages = {121-167},
   year = {1998}
}


@Article{Chaloner:95,
   author = {K. Chaloner and I. Verdinelli},
   title = {Bayesian experimental design: a review},
   journal = {Statistical Science},
   volume = {10},
   pages = {273-304},
   year = {1995},
}

@Article{CMM00,
   author = "Ingemar J. Cox and Matt L. Miller and Thomas P. Minka and Thomas V. Papathomas and Peter N. Yianilos",
   title = "The {B}ayesian Image Retrieval System, PicHunter: Theory, Implementation and Psychological Experiments",
   journal = "IEEE Transaction on Image Processing (to appear)",
   year = "2000",
}

@Article{CNM98,
   author = "S. Chaudhuri and V. Narasayya and R. Motwani",
   title = "Random Sampling for Histogram Construction: How much is enough?",
   journal = "ACM Sigmod",
  month = "May",    
   year = "1998",    
}
@article{Cohn+al:1996, 
   author = {D. Cohn and Z. Ghahramani and M. Jordan},
   title = {Active Learning with Statistical Models},
   journal = {Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research},
   volume = {4}, 
   year = {1996}
}

@article{Cooper:AI90,
    author = "G. Cooper",
    title = "Probabilistic inference using belief networks is {NP}-hard",
    journal = "Artificial Intelligence",
    volume =  42,
    pages = "393-405",
    year = "1990"
}

@article{Cortes+Vapnik:ML95,
  author = {C. Cortes and V. Vapnik},
  title = {Support vector networks},
  journal = {Machine Learning},
  volume = {20},
  pages = {1-25},
  year = {1995}
}

@article{Dean:89,
    author = "T. Dean and K. Kanazawa",
    title = "A model for reasoning about persistence and causation",
    journal = "Computational Intelligence",
    volume = 5,
    number = 3,
    year = "1989"
}


@article{Freund+al:ML97,
  author = {Y. Freund and H. Seung and E. Shamir and N. Tishby},
  title = {Selective Sampling Using the query by Committee algorithm},
  journal = {Machine Learning},
  volume = 28,
  pages =  {133-168},
  year = 1997
}

@article{Geman+Geman:87,
        author={S. Geman and D. Geman},
        title={Stochastic relaxation, {G}ibbs distributions and the {B}ayesian restoration of images},
        journal={Readings in Computer Vision: Issues, Problems, Principles and Paradigms},
        publisher = {Morgan Kaufmann},
        year=1987
}

@article{Herbrich+al,
    author = { R. Herbrich and T. Graepel and C. Campbell},
    title = {Bayes point machines},
    journal = {Journal of Machine Learning Research},
    pages = {245-279},
    publisher = {MIT Press},
    year = 2001
}


@article{HGCFull,
        author={D. Heckerman and D. Geiger and D. M. Chickering},
        title={Learning {B}ayesian Networks: {T}he combination of
knowledge and statistical data},
        journal={Machine Learning},
        volume = 20,
        pages={197--243},
        year=1995
}

@Article{Howard:1970,
   Key="Howard",
   Author="Howard, R.A.",
   Journal="Proceedings of the IEEE",
   Title="Decision analysis: Perspectives on inference, decision, and
experimentation",
   Year="1970",
   Pages="632-643",
   Volume="58"}

@article{huang:96,
    author = "C. Huang and A. Darwiche",
    title = "Inference in belief networks: A procedural guide",
    journal = "International Journal of Approximate Reasoning",
    volume = 15,
    pages = {225-263},
    year = "1996",
}

@Article{HVO99,
  author = "K. A. Hua and K. Vu and Jung-Hwan Oh",
   title = "SamMatch: A Flexible and Efficient Sampling-based Image Retrieval Technique for Image Databases",
  journal = "Proceedings of ACM Multimedia", 
  month = "November", 
  year = "1999",
}
 
@Article{ISF98,
    author = "Y. Ishikawa and R. Subramanya and C. Faloutsos",
    title = "Mindreader: Querying databases through multiple examples", 
    journal = "VLDB",
    year = "1998",
}

@article{Kaebling+al:96,
  author = {L. P. Kaebling and M. L. Littman and A.W. Moore},
  title = {Reinforcement learning: a survey},
  journal = {Journal of AI Research},
  volume = {4},
  pages = {237-285},
  year = {1996}
}


@article{Kass:1988,
        author={R. Kaas, L. Tierney, J. Kadane},
        title={Asymptotics in {B}aysian computation},
        journal={Bayesian Statistics},
        volume = 3,
        pages={261-278},
        year=1988
}

@article{Kullback:1951,
        author={S. Kullback and R. A. Leibler},
        title={On information and sufficiency},
        journal={Annals of Mathematical Statistics},
        volume = 22,
        pages={76-86},
        year=1951
}

@article{Lauritzen:1995,
        author = "Lauritzen, S. L.",
        year = "1995",
        title = "The {EM} Algorithm for Graphical Association Models
                 with Missing Data",
        journal = "Computational Statistics and Data Analysis",
        volume = "19"
}

@article{Lauritzen+Spiegelhalter:1988,
        author = "Lauritzen, S. L. and Spiegelhalter, D. J.",
        year = "1988",
        title = "Local computations with probabilities on graphical
                structures and their application to expert systems",
        journal = "J. Royal Statistical Society",
        volume = "B~50",
        number = "2"
}

@Article{Lch99-1,
   author = "Edward Chang and Chen Li and Hector Garcia-Molina and James Wang and Gio Wilderhold",
   title = "Clindex: Clustering for Similarity Queries in High-Dimensional Spaces (Extended Version)",
   journal = "Stanford Technical Report SIDL-WP-1998-0100", 
   month = "Feb.",
   year = "1999",    
}

@Article{Lch00,
   author = "Chen Li and Edward Chang and Hector Garcia-Molina and Gio Wiederhold",
   title = "Clustering for Approximate Similarity Queries in High-Dimensional Spaces",
   journal = "IEEE Transaction on Knowledge and Data Engineering (to appear)",
   year = "2001",
}
        
@Article{Leu91,
    author    = "Jia-Guu Leu",
    title     = "Computing a Shape's Moments from its Boundary",
    journal   = "Pattern Recognition",
    year      = "1991",
    pages     = "Vol.24, No.10,pp.949-957",
}              


@Article{Kaelbling:AI98,
    author    = "Leslie Pack Kaelbling and Michael L. Littman and Anthony R. Cassandra",
    title     = "Planning and Acting in Partially Observable Stochastic Domains",
    journal   = "Artificial Intelligence",
    pages     = "99-134",
    volume    = "101",
    number    = "1-2",
    year      = "1998"
}              

@article{Mitchell:AI82,
  author = {T. Mitchell},
  title = {Generalization as Search},
  journal = {Artificial Intelligence},
  volume = 28,
  pages =  {203-226},
  year = 1982
}

@article{MacKay:NC92,
  author = {D. MacKay},
  title = {Information-based objective functions for active data selection},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  volume = 4,
  year = 1992,
  number =4,
  pages =  {590-604}
}

@Article{MWNS01,
   author = "B.S. Manjunath and P. Wu and S. Newsam and H.D. Shin",
   title = "A Texture Descriptor for Browsing and Similarity Retrieval",
   journal = "Signal Processing Image Communication",
   year = "2001",
}

@Article{MZ98,
   author = "W. Y. Ma and H.J. Zhang",
   title = "Benchmarking of Image Features for Content-Based Retrieval",
   journal = "Proceedings of Asilomar Conference on Signal, Systems $\&$ Computers",
   year = "1998",
}

@article{Odewahn:1982,
  author = {S. Odewahn and E. Stockwell and R. Pennington and R Humphreys and W Zumach},
  title = {Automated star/galaxy discrimination with neural networks},
  journal = {Astronomical Journal},
  volume = 103,
  number = 1,
  pages =  {318-331},
  year = 1992
}

@Article{ORCMH97,
  author = "Michael Ortega and Yong Rui and Kaushik Chakrabarti and Sharad Mehrotra and Thomas S. Huang",
  title = "Supporting similarity queries in {MARS}",
  journal = "Proc. of ACM Conf. on Multimedia",
  year = "1997",
} 

@Article{ORCWMH98,
  author = "Michael Ortega and Yong Rui and Kaushik Chakrabarti and Alex Warshavsky and Shatad Mehrotra and Thomas S. Huang",
  title = "Supporting Ranked Boolean Similarity Queries in MARS",
  journal = "IEEE Transaction on Knowledge and Data Engineering",
  month = "December", 
  volume = "10",
  number = "6",
  pages = "905-925",
  year = "1999",
}

@Article{PCM99,
  author = "K Porkaew and K Chakrabarti and S Mehrotra",
   title = "Query Refinement for Multimedia Similarity Retrieval in MARS",
  journal = "Proceedings of ACM Multimedia", 
  month = "November", 
  year = "1999",
}

@article{Platt:1999,
    author = "J. Platt",
    title = "Probabilistic outputs for support vector machines and comparison to regularized likelihood methods",
    journal = "Advances in Large Margin Classifiers",
    publisher = "MIT Press",
    year = "1999"
    
}

@Article{PMO99,
   author = "K. Porkaew and S. Mehrota and M. Ortega",
   title = "Query Reformulation for Content Based Multimedia Retrieval in {MARS}",
   journal = "ICMCS",
   pages = "747-751",
   year = "1999"
}

@article{Quinalan:1986,
   author = {R. Quinlin},
   title = {Induction of decision trees}, 
   journal = {Machine Learning}, 
   volume = 1,
   pages = {81-106},
   year = {1986}
}


@Article{Raab:1986,
   author = {G. M. Raab and R. A. Elton},
   title = {Bayesian-analysis of binary data from an audit of cervical smears},
   journal = {Statistics Medicine},
   volume = 12,
   pages = {2179-2189},
   year = 1993
}

@Article{Rabiner86,
  author =       {L. Rabiner and B. Juang},
  title =        {An introduction to hidden {M}arkov models},
  journal =      {IEEE Acoustics, Speech \& Signal Processing},
  year =         1986
}

@article{Remias:97,
    author = "Edward Remias and Gholamhosein Sheikholeslami and Aidong Zhang and Tanveer Fathima Syeda-Mahmood",
    title = "Supporting Content-Based Retrieval in Large Image Database Systems",
    journal = "Multimedia Tools and Applications",
    volume = "4",
    number = "2",
    pages = "153-170",
    year = "1997",
}

@Article{SC96,
   author = "J.R. Smith and S.-F. Chang",
   title = "Automated Image Retrieval Using Color and Texture",
   journal = "IEEE Transaction on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence",
   month = "November",
   year = "1996",
}

@Article{TMY78,
   author = "H. Tamura and S. Mori and T. Yamawaki",
   title = "Texture Features Corresponding to Visual Perception",
   journal = "IEEE Transaction on Systems Man Cybernet (SMC)",
   year = "1978",
}

@Article{Tong+Koller:MLJ01,
    author = { S. Tong and D. Koller},
    title = {Support Vector Machine Active Learning with Applications to Text Classification},
    journal = {Machine Learning},
    pages = {To appear},
    year = 2001
}


@Article{WFSP00,
   author = "Leejay Wu and Christos Faloutsos and Katia Sycara and Terry R. Payne",
   title = "FALCON: Feedback Adaptive Loop for Content-Based Retrieval",
   journal = "The $26^{th}$ VLDB Conference", 
   month = "September",
   year = "2000",
}

@Article{ZW00,
	author  = "James Wang and Jia Li and Gio Wiederhold",
	title   = "SIMPLIcity: Semantics-sensitive Integrated Matching for Picture Libraries",
	journal = "ACM Multimedia Conference",
        year    = "2000",
   }

@inproceedings{Applegate:91,
    author = {D. Applegate and R. Kannan},
    title = {Sampling and integration of near log-concave functions},
    booktitle = {Proceedings of the Twenty Third Annual ACM Symposium on Theory of Computing},
    pages =  {156-163},
    year = 1991
}

@inproceedings{BFGK:UAI96,
    author = {C.E. Boutilier and N. Friedman and M. Goldszmidt and D. Koller},
    title = {Context-Specific Independence in {B}ayesian Networks},
    booktitle = {Proceedings of Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence},
    year = 1996
}

@inproceedings{Boyan:95,
    author = {J. A. Boyan},
    title = {Active Learning for Optimal Control in Acyclic Domains},
    booktitle = {Proceedings of AAAI Symposium on Active Learning},
    year = 1995
}

@inproceedings{Bryant+al:99,
    author = {C. H. Bryant and S. H. Muggleton and C. D. Page and M. J. E. Sternberg},
    title = {Combining Active Learning with Inductive Logic Programming to close the loop in Machine Learning},
    booktitle = {Proceedings of AISB'99 Symposium on AI and Scientific Creativity},
    pages = {59-64},
    year = 1999
}

@inproceedings{Buntine:UAI91,
  author = { W. Buntine},
  title = {Theory Refinement on {B}ayesian {N}etworks},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence},
  year = 1991
}

@inproceedings{Campbell+al:2000,
   author = {C. Campbell and N. Cristianini and A. Smola},
   title = {Query Learning with Large Margin Classifiers},
   booktitle = {Proceedings of the Seventeenth International Conference on Machine Learning},
   year={2000}
}

@inproceedings{ChanStolfo:1998,
  author =	 {P. K. Chan and S. J. Stolfo},
  title =	 {Toward scalable learning with non-uniform class and cost
                  distributions: {A} case study in credit card fraud
                  detection},
  booktitle =	 {In KDD98},
  year =	 1998
}

@inproceedings{Cohn:1997, 
   author = {D. Cohn},
   title = {Minimizing Statistical Bias with Queries},
   booktitle = {Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems},
   volume = {9}, 
   year = {1997}
}

@inproceedings{Cooper+Yoo:UAI99,
  author = {G. F. Cooper and C. Yoo},
  title = {Causal discovery from a mixture of experimental and observational data},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence},
  year = 1999
}

@inproceedings{Cristianini+al:1998, 
   author = {N. Cristianini and J. Shawe-Taylor and P. Sykacek}, 
   title = {Bayesian Classifiers are Large Margin Hyperplanes in a {H}ilbert
                  Space},
   booktitle = {Proceedings of NeuroCOLT2}, 
   year = 1998
}

@inproceedings{Dasgupta:FOCS99, 
   author = {S. Dasgupta}, 
   title = {Learning Mixtures of Gaussians},
   booktitle = {FOCS}, 
   year = 1999
}

@inproceedings{Dagan+Engelson:ICML95,
   author = {I. Dagan and S. Engelson},
   title = {Committee-based sampling for training probabilistic classifiers},
   booktitle = {Proceedings of the Twelfth International Conference on Machine
Learning},
   year = 1995,
   pages = {150-157},
   publisher = {Morgan Kaufmann}
}

@inproceedings{Dean+al:1993,
        author = "T. Dean and L. P. Kaelbling and J. Kirman and
                A. Nicholson",
        year = "1993",
        title = "Planning with deadlines in stochastic domains",
        booktitle = {Proc. AAAI}
}

@inproceedings{Dean:AAAI88,
    author = "T. Dean and K. Kanazawa",
    title = "Probabilistic temporal reasoning",
    booktitle = "National Conference on Artificial Intelligence of the American Association for {AI}",
    pages = "524--529",
    year = "1988"
}


@inproceedings{Dempster+al:1977, 
   author = {A.P. Dempster and N.M. Laird and D.B. Rubin}, 
   title = {Maximum likelihood from incomplete data via the {EM} algorithm},
   booktitle = {Journal of the Royal Statistical Society}, 
   year = 1977
}

@inproceedings{Dumais+al:CIKM98,
  author = {S.T. Dumais and J. Platt and D. Heckerman and M. Sahami},
  title = {Inductive learning algorithms and representations for
           text categorization},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Information and
Knowledge Management},
  publisher = {ACM Press},
  year = 1998
}

@inproceedings{FG:UAI96,
    author = {N. Friedman and M. Goldszmidt},
    title = {Learning {B}ayesian Networks with Local Structure},
    booktitle = {Proceedings of Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence},
    year = 1996
}

@inproceedings{Friedman+Goldszmidt:AAAI96,
  author = { N. Friedman and M. Goldszmidt},
  title = {Building Classifiers using {B}ayesian Networks},
  booktitle = {Proc. AAAI},
  year = 1996
}

@inproceedings{Friedman+Koller:UAI00,
  author = { N. Friedman and D. Koller},
  title = {Being {B}ayesian About Network Structure},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence},
  year = 2000
}

@inproceedings{Friedman+al:1999,
  author  = {N. Friedman and I. Nachman and D. Pe'er},
  title   = {Learning {B}ayesian Network Structure from Massive Datasets: {T}he
                  ``Sparse Candidate'' Algorithm},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence},
  year    =  1999
}

@inproceedings{Fuhr+Buckley,
  author = {N. Fuhr and C. Buckley},
  title = {Probabilistic Document Indexing from Relevance Feedback Data},
  booktitle = {Thirteenth International Conference on Research and
                Development in Information Retrieval},
  year = 1990
}

@inproceedings{Gert:NIPS00,
   author = {G Cauwenberghs and T. Poggio},
   title = {Incremental and Decremental Support Vector Machine Learning},
   booktitle = {Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems},
   volume = {13},
   year={2001}
}

@inproceedings{Guestrin:IJCAI01,
    author = "C. Guestrin and D. Koller and R. Parr",
    title = "Max-norm Projections for Factored {MDP}s",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence",
    year = 2001
}


@inproceedings{Grove+Schuurmans:AAAI98,
  author = {A. Grove and D. Schuurmans}, 
  title = {Boosting in the limit: {M}aximizing the margin of learned
                  ensembles},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 15th National Conference on Artificial Intelligence
                  (AAAI)},
  year = 1998
}

@inproceedings{heck-breese:uai94,
    author = "D. Heckerman and J.S. Breese",
    title = "A New Look at Causal Independence",
    booktitle = {Proceedings of the Tenth Conference on Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence},
    year = 1994
}

@inproceedings{Heckerman:UAI88,
    author = "D. Heckerman",
    title = "An empirical comparison of three inference methods",
    booktitle = {Proceedings of the Fourth on Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence},
    year = 1988
}

@inproceedings{Hastie:NIPS98,
    author = "Trevor Hastie and Robert Tibshirani",
    title = "Classification by Pairwise Coupling",
    booktitle = "Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 10",
    year = "1998",
}


@inproceedings{Herbrich+Graepel:NIPS00,
    author = { R. Herbrich and T. Graepel},
    title = {Large Scale {B}ayes {P}oint {M}achines},
    booktitle = {Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 13},
    year = 2001
}

@inproceedings{Highleyman,
  author = {W.H. Highleyman}, 
  title = {Linear decision functions, with application to pattern recognition},
  booktitle = {Proc. IRE},
  volume = 49,
  pages =  {31-48},
  year = 1961
}

@inproceedings{Horvitz+Rutledge:91,
  author = {E. Horvitz and G. Rutledge},
  title = {Time Dependent Utility and Action Under Uncertainty},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Seventh Conference on Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence},
  year = {1991},
  publisher = {Morgan Kaufmann}
}

@inproceedings{Horvitz:UAI98,
    author = "E. Horvitz and J. Breese and D. Heckerman and D. Hovel and K. Rommelse",
    title = "The {L}umiere project: {B}ayesian user modeling for inferring the goals and
      needs of software users",
    booktitle ="Proceedings of the Fourteenth Conference on Uncertainty in Artificial
      Intelligence",
    pages = {256-265},
    year = "1998"
}


@inproceedings{Horvitz:SOAR92,
    author = "E. Horvitz and E. Ruokangas and C. Srinivas and S. Barry",
    title = "A decision-theoretic approach to the display of information for time-critical
      decisions: The {V}ista project",
    booktitle =  {Proceedings of SOAR-92},
    year = "1992"
}

@inproceedings{Jaakkola+Haussler:NIPS98,
    author = { T. S. Jaakola and D. Haussler},
    title = {Exploiting Generative Models in Discriminative Classifiers},
    booktitle = {Advances in Neural Infomation Processing Systems},
    year = 1998
}

@inproceedings{Joachims:ECML97,
    author = { T. Joachims},
    title = {Text Categorization with Support Vector Machines},
    booktitle = {Proceedings of the European Conference on Machine Learning},
    publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
    year = 1998 
}

@inproceedings{Joachims:ICML99,
    author = { T. Joachims},
    title = {Transductive Inference for Text Classification using Support Vector
Machines},
    booktitle = {Proceedings of the Sixteenth International Conference on Machine
Learning},
    year = 1999,
    pages = {200-209},
    publisher = {Morgan Kaufmann}
}

@inproceedings{Kearns+Singh:98,
    author = "Michael Kearns and Satinder Singh",
    title = "Near-optimal reinforcement learning in polynomial time",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the Fifteenth International Conference on Machine Learning",
    publisher = "Morgan Kaufmann, San Francisco, CA",
    pages = "260-268",
    year = "1998"
}

@inproceedings{Kearns+Koller:99,
    author = "Michael Kearns and Daphne Koller",
    title = "Efficient Reinforcement Learning in Factored {MDP}s",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the Sixteenth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence",
    pages = "740-747",
    year = "1999"
}

@inproceedings{Koller+Parr:IJCAI99,
    author = "Daphne Koller and Ronald Parr",
    title = "Computing Factored Value Functions for Policies in Structured {MDP}s",
    booktitle = "{Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence}",
    pages = "1332-1339",
    year = "1999",
}

@inproceedings{Koller+Pfeffer:UAI97,
    author = { D. Koller and A. Pfeffer},
    title = {Object-Oriented {B}ayesian Networks},
    booktitle = {Proceedings of the 13th Annual Conference on Uncertainty in AI (UAI)},
    pages = {302-313},
    year = 1997
}

@inproceedings{Lang95,
   author = {K. Lang},
   title = {Newsweeder: Learning to filter netnews},
   year = 1995,
   booktitle = {International Conference on Machine Learning},
   pages = {331-339}
}

@inproceedings { LeCun:99b,
    author = "LeCun, Y. and Haffner, P. and Bottou, L. and Bengio, Y.",
    title = "Gradient-Based Learning for Object Detection, Segmentation and Recognition",
    booktitle =	"Feature Grouping",
    year = 1999
}

@inproceedings     { LeCun:95b,
author  =       "LeCun, Y. and Jackel, L. D. and Bottou, L. and Brunot, A. and
		  Cortes, C. and Denker, J. S. and Drucker, H. and
		  Guyon, I. and Muller, U. A. and Sackinger,
		  E. and Simard, P. and Vapnik, V.",
title   =       "Comparison of learning algorithms for handwritten digit recognition",
booktitle=      "International Conference on Artificial Neural Networks",
year    =       "1995",
editor  =       "Fogelman, F. and Gallinari, P.",
address =       "Paris",
pages =         "53-60",
}

@inproceedings{Lewis:ICML94,
    author = {D. Lewis and J. Catlett},
    title = {Heterogeneous uncertainty sampling for supervised learning},
    booktitle = {Proceedings of the Eleventh International Conference on Machine
Learning},
    year = 1994,
    pages = {148-156},
    publisher = {Morgan Kaufmann}
}

@inproceedings{Lewis:SIGIR94,
    author = {D. Lewis and W. Gale},
    title = {A Sequential Algorithm for Training Text Classifiers},
    booktitle = {Proceedings of the Seventeenth Annual International ACM-SIGIR
Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval},
    pages = {3-12},
    publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
    year = 1994
}

@inproceedings{Lewis:SIGIR95,
    author = {D. Lewis},
    title = {A Sequential Algorithm for Training Text Classifiers: {C}orrigendum and
additional data},
    booktitle = {Special Interest Group on Information Retrieval Forum},
    volume = {29},
    year = 1995
}

@inproceedings{Liere+Tadepalli:AAAI97,
    author = {R. Liere and P. Tadepalli},
    title = {Active Learning with Committees for Text Categorization},
    booktitle = {Proceedings of AAAI}, 
    year = {1997},
    pages = {591-596} 
}

@inproceedings{Littman:UAI95,
    author = "Michael L. Littman and Thomas L. Dean and Leslie Pack Kaelbling",
    title = "On the complexity of solving {M}arkov decision problems",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the Eleventh Annual Conference on Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence",
    pages = "394--402",
    year = "1995",
}

@inproceedings{McAllester:COLT99,
    author = { D. McAllester},
    title = {{PAC}-{B}ayesian Model Averaging},
    booktitle = {Proceedings of the Twelfth Annual Conference on Computational Learning Theory},
    year = 1999
}

@inproceedings{McCallum+Nigam:AAAI98,
    author = { A. McCallum and K. Nigam},
    title = {A Comparison of Event Models for {N}aive {B}ayes Text Classification},
    booktitle = {AAAI Workshop on Learning for Text Categorization},
    year = 1998
}

@inproceedings{McCallum+Nigam:ICML98,
    author = { A. McCallum and K. Nigam},
    title = {Employing {EM} in Pool-Based Active Learning for Text Classification},
    booktitle = {Proceedings of the Fifteenth International Conference on Machine
Learning},
    year = 1998,
    publisher = {Morgan Kaufmann}
}

@inproceedings{Morjaia:1993,
    author = "M. Morjaia and F. Rink and W. Smith and J. Klempner and C. Burns and J. Stein",
    title = "Commercialization of {E}{P}{R}{I}'s Generator Expert Monitoring System",
    booktitle = "Expert System Application for the Electric Power Industry, EPRI, 1993.",
    year = "1993"
}


@inproceedings{Moore+al:ICML98,
    author = {A. W. Moore and J. G. Schneider and J. A. Boyan and M. S. Lee},
    title = {Q2: Memory-Based Active Learning for Optimizing Noisy Continuous Functions},
    booktitle = {Proceedings of the Fifteenth International Conference on Machine
Learning},
    year = 1998,
    publisher = {Morgan Kaufmann}
}

@inproceedings{Murphy+Weiss:UAI99,
    author = {K. Murphy and Y. Weiss},
    title = {Loopy belief propagation for approximate inference: an empirical study},
    booktitle = {Proceedings of Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence},
    year = 1999
}

@inproceedings{Nakajima+al:2000,
    author = {C. Nakajima and I. Norihiko and M. Pontil and T. Poggio},
    title = {Object Recognition and Detection by a Combination of Support Vector Machine and Rotation Invariant Phase Only Correlation},
    booktitle = {Proceedings of International Conference on Pattern Recognition},
    year = {2000}
}

@inproceedings{Platt:NIPS00,
    author = "J. Platt and N. Cristianini and J. Shawe-Taylor",
    title = "Large Margin {DAGS} for Multiclass Classification",
    booktitle = " Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, 12",
    year = "2000",
}

@inproceedings{Porter,
   author = {M. Porter},
   title = {An Algorithm for Suffix Stripping},
   booktitle = {Automated Library and Information Systems},
   volume = {14(3)}, 
   pages =  {130--137},
   year = 1980
}

@inproceedings{Rocchio,
  author = {J. Rocchio},
  title = {Relevance Feedback in Information Retrieval},
  editor = {G. Salton},
  booktitle = {The {SMART} retrieval system: {E}xperiments in automatic document processing},
  publisher = {Prentice-Hall},
  year = 1971
}

@inproceedings{Sahami:AAAI98,
    author = "M. Sahami and S. Dumais and D. Heckerman and E. Horvitz",
    title = "A {B}ayesian approach to filtering junk e-mail",
    booktitle = "AAAI-98 Workshop on Learning for Text Categorization",
    year = "1998",
}

@inproceedings{Rubinstein+HastieAAAI97,
  author = {Y. Rubenstein and T. Hastie},
  title = {Discriminative vs Informative Learning},
  booktitle = {Proc. AAAI},
  year = 1997
}

@inproceedings{Salton+Buckley,
   author = {G. Salton and C. Buckley}, 
   title = {Term Weighting Approaches in Automatic Text Retrieval},
   booktitle = {Information Processing and Management},
   volume = {24(5)}, 
   pages =  {513--523},
   year = 1988
}

@inproceedings{Schapire+al:ICML97,
  author = {R. Schapire and Y. Freund and P. Bartlett and W. Lee},
  title = {Boosting the margin: {A} new explanation for the effectiveness of
                  voting methods},
  booktitle = {Proceeding of the Fourteenth International Conference on Machine
Learning},
  year = 1997,
  publisher = {Morgan Kaufmann}
}

@inproceedings{Schohn+Cohn:2000,
   author = {G. Schohn and D. Cohn},
   title = {Less is More: Active Learning with Support Vector Machines},
   booktitle = {Proceedings of the Seventeenth International Conference on Machine Learning},
   year={2000}
}

@inproceedings{Seung+al:COLT92,
  author = {H.S. Seung and M. Opper and H. Sompolinsky},
  title = {Query by Committee},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of Computational Learning Theory},
  pages = {287-294},
  year = 1992
}

@inproceedings{ShaweTaylor:COLT99,
    author = "J. Shawe-Taylor and N. Cristianini",
    title = "Further Results on the Margin Distribution",
    booktitle = {Proceedings of the Twelfth Annual Conference on Computational Learning Theory},
    pages = {278--285},
    year = 1999
}

@inproceedings{Shachter+Peot:UAI89,
    author = "R. Shachter and M. Peot",
    title = "Simulation approaches to general probabilistic inference on belief networks",
    booktitle = {Fifth Workshop on Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence},
    year = 1989
}

@inproceedings{Sollich:99,
    author = {P. Sollich},
    title = {Probabilistic interpretation and {B}ayesian methods for Support
Vector Machines},
    booktitle = {International Conference on Artificial Neural Networks 99},
    year = 1999
}

@inproceedings{Tong+Chang:ACMMM01,
    author = { S. Tong and E. Chang},
    title = {Support Vector Machine Active Learning for Image Retrieval},
    booktitle = {ACM Multimedia},
    year = 2001
}

@inproceedings{Tong+Koller:IJCAI01,
    author = { S. Tong and D. Koller},
    title = {Active Learning for Structure in {B}ayesian Networks},
    booktitle = {Proceedings of the Seventeenth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence},
    pages = {863-869},
    volume = {2},
    year = 2001
}

@inproceedings{Tong+Koller:NIPS01,
    author = { S. Tong and D. Koller},
    title = {Active Learning for Parameter Estimation in {B}ayesian Networks},
    booktitle = {Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 13},
    pages = {647-653},
    year = 2001
}

@inproceedings{Yang+Pedersen:ICML97,
  author = {Y. Yang and J. Pedersen},
  title = {A comparative study on feature selection in text categorization},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Fourteenth International Conference on Machine
Learning},
  year = 1997,
  publisher = {Morgan Kaufmann}
}


@inproceedings{Tong+Koller:NIPS00,
    author = {S. Tong and D. Koller},
    title = {Active Learning for Parameter Estimation in {B}ayesian Networks},
    booktitle = {Advances in Neural Information Processing System 13},
    year = 2001
}

@inproceedings{Zhang+Poole:1994,
    author = {N. L. Zhang and D. Poole},
    title = {A simple approach to {B}ayesian network computations},
    booktitle = {Proceedings of the Tenth Canadian Conference on Artificial Intelligence},
    pages = {171-178},
    year = 1994
}

@inproceedings{Yedidia+al:NIPS00,
    author = {J.S. Yedidia and W.T. Freeman and Y. Weiss},
    title = {Generalized Belief Propagation},
    booktitle = {Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 13},
    year = 2001
}

@techreport{Heckerman+al:94,
    author = "D. Heckerman and J. Breese and K. Rommelse",
    title = "{T}roubleshooting {U}nder {U}ncertainty",
    number = "MSR-TR-94-07",
    institution = "Microsoft Research",
    year = "1994"
}

@techreport{Heckerman:95,
    author = "D. Heckerman",
    title = "A {B}ayesian Approach to Learning Causal Networks",
    number = "MSR-TR-95-04",
    institution = "Microsoft Research",
    year = "1995"
}

@techreport{Heckerman:1995,
        author = "D. Heckerman",
        year = "1995",
        title = "A tutorial on learning with {B}ayesian networks",
        institution = "Microsoft Research",
        number = "MSR-TR-95-06",
}

@techreport{Heckerman+al:97,
    author = {D. Heckerman and C. Meek and G. Cooper},
    title = {A {B}ayesian Approach to Causal Discovery},
    number = "MSR-TR-97-05",
    institution = {Microsoft Research},
    year = {1997}
} 

@techreport{Kjaerulff:90,
    author = {U. Kjaerulff},
    title = {Triangulation of graphs -- algorithms giving small total state space},
    number = {TR R 90-09},
    institution = {Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Strandvejen, Aalborg, Denmark}, 
    year = 1990
} 

@techreport{Jaakkola+al1999,
    author = { T. Jaakkola and M. Meila and T. Jebara},
    title = {Maximum Entropy Discrimination},
    institution = {MIT},
    number = {AITR-1668},
    year = 1999
}

@techreport{Moore:1991,
   author = "Andrew Moore",
   title = "An introductory tutorial on kd-trees",
   institution = "Computer Laboratory, University of Cambridge",
   year = "1991",
   number = "No. 209",
   address = "Cambridge, UK"
}

@techreport{Neal:93,
    author = {R. Neal},
    title = {Probabilistic inference using {M}arkov {C}hain {M}onte {C}arlo methods.},
    institution = {Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto},
    number = {CRG-TR-93-1},
    year = 1993
}



@techreport{Saunders+al,
  author = {C. Saunders and M. O. Stitson and J. Weston and L. Bottou 
and B. Sch{\"{o}}lkopf and A.Smola},
  title = {Support Vector Machine --- Reference Manual},
  institution = {Royal Holloway},
  year = 1997
}

@techreport{Sebastiani:2001,
    author = {Fabrizio Sebastiani},
    title = {Machine Learning in Automated Text Categorisation},
    institution = {Istituto di Elaborazione dell'Informazione},
    number = {IEI-B4-31-1999},
    year = 2001
}

@techreport{Friedman:1996,
    author = "J. Friedman",
    title = "Another approach to polychotomous classification",
    institution = "Department of Statistics, Stanford University",
    year = "1996"
}


@unpublished{Bottou,
  author = {L. Bottou},
  title = {Sigmoid classifiers and {B}ayes optimal hyperplanes},
  note = {Personal communication},
  institution = {AT&T},
  year = 1999
}

@unpublished{Libbow,
  author = {A. McCallum},
  title = {Bow: A toolkit for statistical language modeling, 
           text retrieval, classification and clustering},
  note = {www.cs.cmu.edu/\symbol{126}mccallum/bow},
  year = 1996
}

@misc{Blake+Keogh+Merz:1998 ,
author = "C. Blake and E. Keogh and C.J. Merz",
year = "1998",
title = "{UCI} Repository of machine learning databases",
url = "http://www.ics.uci.edu/$\sim$mlearn/MLRepository.html",
institution = "University of California, Irvine" 
} 

@misc{Lewis:1997 ,
author = "D. Lewis",
year = "1997",
title = "Reuters-21578 Data Collection",
url = "http://www.research.att.com/$\sim$lewis",
institution = "AT\&T" 
} 

@inproceedings{Appleby:1982,
author = {Humphrey Appleby},
year = {1982},
booktitle = {Yes {M}inister: {T}he {S}keleton in the {C}upboard},
title = {"{T}here are no ends in administration, {M}inister, except loose ends"},
note = {Anthony Jay, Jonathon Lynn, BBC Television} 
}